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Atlanta - Sweet Auburn: Odd Fellows Building and Auditorium
Image by wallyg
The Odd Fellows Building and Auditorium, located at 228-250 Auburn Avenue, were constructed in 1912 and 1913, respectively, to the design of Atlanta-based architect William Augustus Edwards. The building, dedicated by Booker T. Washington, served as the headquarters of the District Grand Lodge No. 18, Jurisdiction of Georgia, of the Grand United Order of Oddfellows of America. B.S., under the leadership of District Grand Master B.S. Ingram and District Grand Secretary Benjamin Jefferson Davis, Sr., Atlanta's most influential black journalist and editor of the Atlanta Independent.
The Jacobean Revival complex consist of the 6-story high Odd Fellows Building, called the Tower, and the 1,296 seat Auditorium next door, called the Annex, which rises 2 stories high with an additional 3-story atrium. The Annex was used for many years as The Royal Theatre, the only movie house in Atlanta where blacks could be seated on the main floor. In addition to meeting and office space for the Odd Fellows, the Tower provided office and store space for black-owned businesses, including Gate City Drug Store, owned by the Dr. Amos Moses, the first black pharmacist in Georgia, and the offices of Dr. Shaw, Atlanta's first black optometrist.
The Tower was restored in 1988 by Stang and Newdow, and the Auditorium was restored in 1991 by Perkins and Partners.
The Sweet Auburn Historic District is a historic African-American neighborhood, running Auburn Avenue, formerly known as Wheat Street. The name Sweet Auburn was coined by John Wesley Dobbs, who called it the "richest Negro street in the world." Its rise as the preeminent black district in Atlanta stemmed from the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot, after which many black businesses started to relocate from previously integrated downtown district.
Sweet Auburn Historic District National Register #76000631 (1986)
National Register #75000594 (1975)
Tampa Bay Hotel (1891) – main entry
Image by origamidon
Henry B. Plant Museum, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida USA • The Tampa Bay Hotel was built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant at a cost of over 2.5 million dollars. It was considered the premier hotel of the eight that Mr. Plant built to anchor his rail line. The hotel itself covers 6 acres (24,000 square meters) and is a quarter-mile long. It was equipped with the first elevator ever installed in Florida. The elevator is still in use today, making it one of the oldest continually operational elevators in the nation. The 511 rooms, some of which were actually suites consisting of between three-to-seven rooms, were the first in Florida to have electric lights and telephones. Most rooms also included private bathrooms, complete with a full-size tub. The price for a room ranged from .00 to .00 a night at a time when the average hotel in Tampa charged .25 to .00. The building’s poured concrete steel reinforced structure was advertised as fireproof.
The grounds of the hotel spanned 150 acres (0.61 km2) and included a golf course, bowling alley, racetrack, casino and an indoor heated swimming pool. In all, 21 buildings could be found on the hotel's campus. The Moorish Revival architectural theme was selected by Mr. Plant because of its exotic appeal to the widely traveled Victorians that would be his primary customers. The hotel has six minarets, four cupolas and three domes. In the early 90's, all were restored to their original stainless steel state. – From the Wikipedia summary.
☞ Headquarters of the army that invaded Cuba in the Spanish-American War (1898), and the news center for journalists participating in the "Correspondents' War." The hotel was a pioneer effort in the Florida resort business, and is an excellent example of Moorish-Turkish Revival architecture. – From the National Park Service's Statement of Significance.
☞ On December 5, 1972, the National Park Service added this structure (Also known as University of Tampa, Plant Hall) to the National Register of Historic Places (#72000322).
☞ On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service designated this structure a National Historic Landmark (also, #72000322).
National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. [And only 17 in Vermont.] Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.
National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans--these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – From the National Park Service.
• More Info: [1] The Museum's website; and [2] the GeoHack: 27°56′43.7″N 82°27′50.45″W.
Chicago - Near North Side: Wrigley Building and Tribune Tower
Image by wallyg
From left to right: Trump Tower (under construction), River Plaza, 500 North Michigan, Wrigley Building, Tribune Tower
The Trump International Hotel and Tower, also known simply as Trump Tower Chicago or Trump Tower, at 401 North Wabash, opened for business as a skyscraper condo-hotel in 2008./
The River Plaza Condominium, at 405 North Wabash Avenue, a 54-story, 525-foot-high highrise consisting of 679 residential units, was built in 1977 by Gordon & Levin.
500 North Michigan, a 24-floor, 325-foot high-rise, was built in 1968 by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP.
The Wrigley Building, at 400-410 North Michigan Ave, was built from 1920-1924 to serve as the corporate headquarters for the Wrigley Company. Chewing-gum magnate William Wrigley Jr. commissioned the architectural firm Graham, Anderson Probst and White and chief designer Charles G. Beersman to design the first office building north of the Chicago River. The Wrigley Building was Chicago’s first air-conditioned office building. The circular temple and cupola rising above the 30-story, 425-foot south tower's massive two-story four-faced clock is patterned after the Seville Cathedral's Giralda Tower in Spain. The north and south towers are connected by three pedestrian walkways. The building is clad in approximately 250,000 individual glazed terra cotta tiles, the most extensive use of terra cotta in the world at the time. Six shades of white enamel, from gray to cream, were baked onto the cladding for easy cleaning. Each tile is uniquely catalogued in a computer to track maintenance. At night, the building is illuminated with floodlights, making it about to shimmer.
The Tribune Tower, at 435 North Michigan Avenue, was built between 1923-1925 as the headquarters for the Chicago Tribune. The neo-Gothic design, the last important example of American Perpendicular style, by John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood was selected out of 263 entrants in a much publicized international design competition. The 34-floor, 463-foot skyscraper's upper tower, encircled by 8 flying buttresses adorned with sculptures of bats, was modeled after the Butter Tower at Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Rouen. A low-rise addition to the north was built in 1935, forming a small courtyard with a statue of Revolutionary War hero Nathan Hale. The Tribune Tower features sculptural ornamentation executed by Rene Paul Chambellan. The building's ornate three story arched entrance is carved with figures from Aesop's fables. Rocks and bricks brought back by Tribune correspondents from important sites throughout the world are incorporated into the lowest levels of the building, and labeled with their location of origin. In all, there are 136 fragments in the building.
The Michigan-Wacker Historic District, crossing the Michigan Avenue Bridge and the Wabash Bridge over the Chicago River, covering parts of the Chicago Loop and Near North Side neighborhoods. The district's contributing properties include eleven high rise and skyscraper buildings erected in the 1920s with addresses on North Michigan Avenue, East Wacker Drive, North Wabash Avenue and East South Water Street, including 333 North Michigan, London Guarantee Building, Carbide & Carbon Building, 35 East Wacker, Mather Tower, the Jean Baptiste Point Du Sable Homesite, and the Wrigley Building.
The Tribune Tower was designated a landmark by the Chicago Department of Planning and Development on February 1, 1989.
In 2007, the Tribune Tower was ranked #38 on the AIA 150 America's Favorite Architecture list.
Michigan-Wacker Historic District National Register #78001124 (1978)