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Anthony & Caroline Isermann House (1922)

Image by chicagogeek
NRHP #04000108
6416 Seventh Avenue
Kenosha, Wisconsin

The Anthony and Caroline Isermann House sits next to brother Frank's house, both designed by Prairie School architect Russell Barr Williamson. The brothers ran a retail business in downtown Kenosha.

NYC - East Village - St Marks-in-the-Bowery Church - Courtyard

Image by wallyg
From ancient times, a winged lion has been the symbol of St. Mark.

This triangular space in front of the St. Marks-in-the-Bowery Church dates to 1799. It was originally acquired, along with the triangle at East 10th and Stuyvesant Streets, for street purposes and was developed as a sitting area in 1938. The park is host to a greenmarket and a summer concert series. It contains a memorial flagpole that was dedicated in 1944 by the Ukrainian American Society.

Over a period of forty years, Abe Lebewohl (1931-1996) transformed his Second Avenue Deli into a New York institution, drawing loyal customers from celebrities, tourists and locals alike with his Jewish culinary delicacies and generous and magnetic spirit.

Lebewohl was born in Kulykiv, Ukraine, in 1931. When the Soviets occupied western Ukraine, Abe’s father was arrested and exiled to Siberia, and Abe and his mother were banished to Kazakhstan. The family was reunited and traveled to western Ukraine and then to Poland. They illegally escaped Poland, and made their way through Austria to a refugee camp in Italy, where they spent five years before immigrating to America in 1950.

For a few years, Lebewohl worked as a waiter at a twelve-seat coffee shop on Second Avenue and E. 10th Street. In 1954 the family purchased the property, and gradually expanded it into a 250-seat restaurant, the Second Avenue Deli. The deli became famous for its extensive menu of Ukrainian and Jewish delicacies and its stupendous sandwiches. Customers included such luminaries as Joe DiMaggio, Muhammad Ali, Jackie Mason, Bob Hope, Joan Rivers, Raoul Felder, and Milton Berle.

Abe (also known as Abie) endeared himself to the East Village community with his deep humanity and unflagging generosity, and he often provided free food to homeless people, striking workers, and neighborhood events. In tribute to the Yiddish theaters clustered on and around Second Avenue, Lebewohl created a “Walkway of Yiddish Actors” at the restaurant’s entrance. Proud of his Ukrainian-Jewish roots, he traveled back to the Ukraine in the 1970s. He patronized Ukrainian businesses in the neighborhood and was among the few businessmen who attended a private meeting with Leonid Kravchuk, the first president of independent Ukraine, during a visit to New York.

On March 4, 1996, Abe Lebewohl was fatally shot while depositing his daily receipts at a nearby bank. More than 1,500 mourners attended his funeral at the Community Synagogue on East 6th Street. In tribute to his memory this park was named Abe Lebewohl Park, at the initiative of Council Member Antonio Pagan and the 10th and Stuyvesant Streets Block Association.

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NYC - Sak's 5th Avenue Holiday Light Show

Image by wallyg
Saks Fifth Avenue’s famous Holiday snowflake light show consists of 72,000 lights with fifty 8-foot and 20-foot illuminated snowflakes, reaching 10 stories high and an LED-light show, set to music. The show got a green overhaul in 2006 with 40,400 newly upgraded LEDs from Philips using 2600W of energy--the equivalent of three toaster ovens.

Saks Fifth Avenue is the successor of a business founded in 1867 and incorporated in New York in 1902 as Saks & Company. In 1923 Saks & Co. merged with Gimbels Brothers, Inc., operating as a separate autonomous subsidiary. Both Bernard Gimbel and Horace Saks had been operating independent stores in Herald Square. In 1924, they purchased their "dream store" on upper Fifth Avenue in what was at the time a mostly residential district.

When Adam Gimbel became President of Saks Fifth Avenue in 1926, the company took on national aspirations. The very first branch store opened in 1926 in the city of Palm Beach, Florida as a resort store, followed by a Southampton resort store in 1928. The first full-line year-round Saks store was opened in Chicago in 1929, followed by another resort store in Miami Beach, Florida. In 1938 Saks expanded to the West Coast, opening in Beverly Hills. By the end of the 1930s Saks Fifth Avenue had a total of 10 stores, including resort locations such as Sun Valley, Mount Stowe and Newport. More full-line stores followed with Detroit in 1940, Pittsburgh in 1949. The company moved to its own freestanding location approximately one block from its former home in the Gimbel's flagship. The San Francisco location opened in 1952. More expansion followed in the 1960s.

BATUS Inc. acquired Gimbels Bros., Inc. and its Saks Fifth Avenue subsidary in 1973. In 1990, BATUS sold Saks to Investcorp S.A., which after investing the in the company and weathering the early 1990's recession took Saks public in 1996 as Saks Holdings, Inc. In 1998, Saks Holdings Inc. was acquired by Proffitt's, Inc.. Upon closing of the acquisition, Proffitt's changed its name to Saks Incorporated. The New York flagship store accounts for 25% of the entire chain's annual revenue.

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Native species sprout up as part of Napa Creek habitat restoration

Image by USACE HQ
NAPA, Calif. — Native species plants begin to sprout up along the banks of the widened Napa Creek here, March 7, 2012. The plantings will provide shade and additional habitat for fish and other river wildlife once they reach maturity. The Corps is also installing box culverts – tunnels large enough for a car to drive through – to channel flood water from the creek directly to the Napa River and away from homes and businesses. The plantings and culverts are part of the .8 million Napa Creek project, funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009; a joint effort of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Sacramento District, the city of Napa, and the Napa Flood Control and Water Conservation District to reduce the flood risk for the city. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Tyler Stalker)

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Merchandise Mart ~ Chicago IL

Image by Onasill ~ Catching up by morning,time to sleep
The Merchandise Mart was designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Graham, Anderson, Probst and White to be a "city within a city". Second only to Holabird & Root in Chicago art deco architecture, the firm had a long-standing relationship with the Field family. Started in 1928, completed in 1931, and built in the same art deco style as the Chicago Board of Trade Building, its cost was reported as both million and million. The building was the largest in the world in terms of floorspace, but was surpassed by the Pentagon in 1943,and now stands thirty-sixth on the list of largest buildings in the world. Once the largest commercial space in the world, Dubai International Airport Terminal 3 is now recognized by Guinness World Records as holding the record
When opened in 1930, the Merchandise Mart or the Merch Mart, located in the Near North Side, Chicago, Illinois, was the largest building in the world with 4,000,000 square feet of floor space. Previously owned by the Marshall Field family, the Mart centralized Chicago's wholesale goods business by consolidating vendors and trade under a single roof.Massive in its construction, and serving as a monument to early 20th century merchandising and architecture, the art deco landmark anchors the daytime skyline at the junction of the Chicago River branches. With upper levels bathed in colored floodlight, the structure stands out against darker downtown buildings in night views. The building continues to be a leading retailing and wholesale destination, hosting 20,000 visitors and tenants per day.The Merchandise Mart is so large that it had its own ZIP code until 2008 (60654). In 2010, the building opened up its Design Center showrooms to the public for the first time.

The Merchandise Mart was designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Graham, Anderson, Probst and White to be a "city within a city". Second only to Holabird & Root in Chicago art deco architecture, the firm had a long-standing relationship with the Field family. Started in 1928, completed in 1931, and built in the same art deco style as the Chicago Board of Trade Building, its cost was reported as both million and million. The building was the largest in the world in terms of floorspace, but was surpassed by the Pentagon in 1943,and now stands thirty-sixth on the list of largest buildings in the world. Once the largest commercial space in the world, Dubai International Airport Terminal 3 is now recognized by Guinness World Records as holding the record
When opened in 1930, the Merchandise Mart or the Merch Mart, located in the Near North Side, Chicago, Illinois, was the largest building in the world with 4,000,000 square feet of floor space. Previously owned by the Marshall Field family, the Mart centralized Chicago's wholesale goods business by consolidating vendors and trade under a single roof.Massive in its construction, and serving as a monument to early 20th century merchandising and architecture, the art deco landmark anchors the daytime skyline at the junction of the Chicago River branches. With upper levels bathed in colored floodlight, the structure stands out against darker downtown buildings in night views. The building continues to be a leading retailing and wholesale destination, hosting 20,000 visitors and tenants per day.The Merchandise Mart is so large that it had its own ZIP code until 2008 (60654). In 2010, the building opened up its Design Center showrooms to the public for the first time.
NRHP District

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Buck & Cole Building

Image by jimmywayne
Weaverville, California

Constructed in 1856, it is one of 3 buildings downtown with the spiral staircase leading to the second floor. It originally was a general store-type business but the Oddfellows Lodge has owned the 2nd floor since 1862.

Washington DC: Washington Monument from the World War II Memorial

Image by wallyg
A view of the Washington Monument from the World War II Memorial.

The Washington Monument, a large white-colored obelisk at the west end of the National Mall, is constructed of marble, granite and sandstone and was built as a memorial for George Washington. Designed by Robert Mills, construction began in 1848, but not completed until 1884, 30 years after Mill's death, resulting from lack of funding and the Civil War. A difference in shading (visible at 150 feet) delineates the two phases of construction. Its cornerstone was laid on July 4, 1848; the capstone was set on December 6, 1884, and the completed monument was dedicated on February 21, 1885. It officially opened to the public on October 9, 1888. At the time of its completion it became the world's tallest structure at 555 ft 51/8 in, a title it inherited from the Cologne Cathedral and held until 1889, when the Eiffel Tower was finished in Paris. It is still the tallest structure in DC and due to a 1910 law restricting new building's height from being no more than 20 feet greater than the width of the street they're on, probably always will be.

Despite momentum for an appropriate memorial in the new capital following Washington's death, progress was finally made in 1833--the centennial of his birth. The Washington Monument Society began collecting donations and announced a design competition in 1836. Mills, who had designed the Washington Monument in Baltimore, was selected with a design that called for a 600-foot obelisk, topped by Washington in a chariot, and surrounded with a circular colonnade, but an exorbitant price tag of M.

In 1849, after 4 years of non construction, to combat escalating costs after 4 years the Society encouraged states and territories to donate memorial stones, which came pouring in from all sorts of organizations, businesses and foreign nations, often bearing inscriptions with no relevance to Washington. After the anti-Catholic, nativist Know-Nothing's stole a block donated by Pope Pius IX and took control of the Society in an election many claimed to be fraudulent, Congress rescinded the 0k contribution they had promised. The Know-Nothing's eventually ceded control in 1858.

It wasn't until after the Civil War, in 1876, that the Congress appropriated another 0k to complete the monument. After renewed conversation around design, the Society abandoned Mills' colonnade and altered the obelisk to conform to Egyptian proportions. Construction resumed in 1879 under Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Lincoln Casey and was completed within 4 years.

In 2007, The Washington Monument was ranked #12 on the AIA 150 America's Favorite Architecture list.

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Denver - LoDo: J.S. Brown Mercantile Building

Image by wallyg
The J.S. Brown Mercantile Building, at 1634 18th Street, was built in 1899 by Gove and Walsh for John Sidney Brown's wholesale grocery business. The five-story brick building currently houses the Wynkoop Brewing Company--Colorado's first brewpub, founded in 1988 by a roup led by future Denver Mayor and Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper.

National Register #88002375 (1988)

Denver - LoDo: J.S. Brown Mercantile Building

Image by wallyg
The J.S. Brown Mercantile Building, at 1634 18th Street, was built in 1899 by Gove and Walsh for John Sidney Brown's wholesale grocery business. The five-story brick building currently houses the Wynkoop Brewing Company--Colorado's first brewpub, founded in 1988 by a roup led by future Denver Mayor and Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper.

National Register #88002375 (1988)

Tampa Bay Hotel (1891) – minaret skyline

Image by origamidon
Henry B. Plant Museum, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida USA • The Tampa Bay Hotel was built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant at a cost of over 2.5 million dollars. It was considered the premier hotel of the eight that Mr. Plant built to anchor his rail line. The hotel itself covers 6 acres (24,000 square meters) and is a quarter-mile long. It was equipped with the first elevator ever installed in Florida. The elevator is still in use today, making it one of the oldest continually operational elevators in the nation. The 511 rooms, some of which were actually suites consisting of between three-to-seven rooms, were the first in Florida to have electric lights and telephones. Most rooms also included private bathrooms, complete with a full-size tub. The price for a room ranged from .00 to .00 a night at a time when the average hotel in Tampa charged .25 to .00. The building’s poured concrete steel reinforced structure was advertised as fireproof.

The grounds of the hotel spanned 150 acres (0.61 km2) and included a golf course, bowling alley, racetrack, casino and an indoor heated swimming pool. In all, 21 buildings could be found on the hotel's campus. The Moorish Revival architectural theme was selected by Mr. Plant because of its exotic appeal to the widely traveled Victorians that would be his primary customers. The hotel has six minarets, four cupolas and three domes. In the early 90's, all were restored to their original stainless steel state. – From the Wikipedia summary.

☞ Headquarters of the army that invaded Cuba in the Spanish-American War (1898), and the news center for journalists participating in the "Correspondents' War." The hotel was a pioneer effort in the Florida resort business, and is an excellent example of Moorish-Turkish Revival architecture. – From the National Park Service's Statement of Significance.

☞ On December 5, 1972, the National Park Service added this structure (Also known as University of Tampa, Plant Hall) to the National Register of Historic Places (#72000322).

☞ On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service designated this structure a National Historic Landmark (also, #72000322).

National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. [And only 17 in Vermont.] Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.

National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans--these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – From the National Park Service.

• More Info: [1] The Museum's website; and [2] the GeoHack: 27°56′43.7″N 82°27′50.45″W.

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216 Virginia Avenue

Image by Universal Pops
Taken in Clarksville, Virginia. This structure was built around 1900 and housed a dry goods business from before 1902 until 1925. After 1913, the telephone exchange occupied 2nd story for many years. Since the 1920’s men’s clothing stores and restaurants have been in this building. Today it’s Galleria, an art gallery which does custom framing. On the side is a downstairs entrance to Big Daddy Bugs Java Hut, a fast food restaurant (Big Daddy is no longer located at this spot). This 2-story brick structure has a stepped front parapet and decorative brick stringcourses across the façade. The 2nd-story windows are arched. On the west wall is a 2nd floor porch with some decorated brackets on the supports. The ground-level storefront has been altered considerably since first built. VDHR ID: 192-0121-0005 [Virginia Department of Historic Resources]. This structure was added June 6, 2002 to the National Register of Historic Places as part of Clarksville Historic District, reference ID #02000625

Major source: Two Mecklenburg Towns—Boydton and Clarksville, ed. by John G. Zimmer, published by Virginia Department of Historic Resources in cooperation with the Southside Planning District Commission, Richmond 2003

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License

Leonardslee Landscape Gardens, West Sussex, UK | Tranquil walks through woodlands filled with flowering azaleas and rhododendrons in May (21 of 23)

Image by ukgardenphotos
Leonardslee Gardens: Woodland Walks

For a few weeks in May of each year, Leonardslee Gardens in West Sussex, UK, erupt into a spectacular display of the most amazing color combinations of flowering rhododendrons and azaleas. The green, wooded valley gardens then turn into a place of vibrant colors and outstanding natural beauty. Filled with the scent of the massed azalea plantings the whole area becomes a forest paradise. Visitors have often described its peace and tranquility as being like ‘heaven on earth’.

This photograph shows a quiet path lined with flowering azaleas and ancient rhododendrons through shaded woodland at Leonardslee.

For many years, tens of thousands of visitors have enjoyed the ‘calendar photograph’ qualities of this Grade 1 historic garden. Unfortunately, the gardens are now closed to the public as they have been sold to an international businessman.

Details: Leonardslee Gardens is a truly outstanding English landscape garden having a Grade 1 Historic Garden status (English Heritage Register). It covers about 240 acres (97 Hectares) in a wooded valley, contains seven lakes and is extensively planted with azaleas, ancient rhododendrons (some well over 100 years old), acers and camellias - all with a delightful under planting of bluebells in spring.

The great Victorian plant collector, Sir Edmund Loder (who gave his name to the large flowered and scented Loderi Rhododendron Hybrids) purchased the estate in 1889 and planted large numbers of Rhododendrons there. Sir Giles Loder later planted an extensive collection of camellias at Leonardslee. The estate remained in the hands of five generations of the Loder family until 2010 when it was sold to an international businessman. However, the Loder Rhododendron nursery was not sold and is still in business.

Location: Leonardslee Gardens, Lower Beeding, Horsham, West Sussex, England, RH13 6PP, UK. UK Map references: OSGB36 Grid ref:: TQ220259: Map tile ref: TQ22NW40

Links: A more detailed history of Leonardslee Gardens is available on Wikipedia. Leonardslee nursery is still run by Chris Loder and his website contains useful information on Rhododendron Loderi, its varieties and hybrids.

© 2011 ukgardenphotos

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Chicago Bee Building (1929)

Image by chicagogeek
NRHP #86001090
3647-55 S. State Street
Chicago, IL
Architect: Z. Erol Smith

From Chicago Landmarks Website: "This Art Deco-style building was constructed as the headquarters for the Chicago Bee newspaper, which was founded by noted African-American entrepreneur Anthony Overton. It originally featured upper-floor apartments and, during the 1930's, housed the offices of the Douglass National Bank and the Overton Hygienic Company, a nationally known cosmetics firm. The newspaper went out of business in the 1940s, although Overton Hygienic continued until the early 1980s. In the mid-1990's, the building was adapted for reuse as a branch of the Chicago Public Library. It is one of nine structures in the Black Metropolis-Bronzeville Historic District."

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Bee_Building

Vermilion Institute aka Vermillion Academy (restoration planned)

Image by dok1
Driving east from the Hayesville Opera House on the old Lincoln Highway, we saw another structure that's on the National Register of Historic Places.

From the institute's web site I leaned: "The Vermillion Institute was chartered by the Ohio Legislature on March 4, 1845 and rose quickly to become one of the largest and most prominent institutions of higher learning in the nation, educating distinguished jurists, two U.S. Senators, three Congressmen and others prominent in business and education. The Institute's principal building survives as a National Register-listed brick Greek Revival landmark, a prominent structure in Hayesville, Ohio, Ashland County.

In the comment is the planned exterior restoration rendering, detailed at: www.vermillioninstituteohio.org/

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Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens

Image by Glyn Lowe Photoworks
Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens, Washington DC.

Although Kenilworth Gardens are locally important today as a part of Washington's Park System, its greater significance lies in its contribution to the botanical study and development of water plants and gardens under the direction of its founder, W.B. Shaw and his daughter, L. Helen Fowler. It continues today as a noted water garden under the National Park Service.
After the Civil War, 37 acres of this land were bought as a farm by W.B. Shaw, a war veteran who had come to Washington to work in the Treasury Department. Shaw pursued his hobby, the growing of water lilies, on the marshy sections of his land. He imported 12 hardy American white lilies, from his native Maine and grew them in an abandoned ice pond. As the lilies thrived, Shaw dug more ponds and began to experiment in hybridization. In 1912, Shaw and his daughter, Helen Shaw Fowler, began to sell their lilies commercially and daily shipped thousands of 63 varieties of hand-picked lilies, to Chicago, Boston and New York. During his lifetime, Shaw was responsible for developing many new varieties of lily, among them the Pink Opal and W.B. Shaw and the Helen Fowler water lily varieties, all still grown commercially today. The "Shaw Gardens" produced lilies available nowhere else in the country in the marsh's 35 different types of soil.

Mrs. Fowler, who ran the business after Mr. Shaw's death in 1921, agreed to permit the public to view the lilies on Sunday mornings during the height of the season. During the 1920s and 30s, visitors numbered as many as 5-6,000 per day. Even though it was one of the largest lily farms in the world, the Shaw property was particularly attractive because it had been left almost entirely in its natural state.
In 1924, Mrs. Fowler was persuaded to permit local residents to attempt to have the ponds brought under public ownership; among the most enthusiastic supporters was Mrs. Calvin Coolidge who, along with President and Mrs. Wilson, was a frequent visitor to the gardens. The extent of the gardens remains essentially unchanged from 1938, the year they ceased operation as a commercial enterprise and became part of the National Park system.

www.nps.gov/keaq/index.htm

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Colorado - Golden: Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave - National Pony Express Centennial Association

Image by wallyg
Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave, at 987 1/2 Lookout Mountain Road, was opened in 1921 by Johnny Baker, the foster son of William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody, after his father died in kidney failure in 1917 and was subsequently buried atop Lookout Mountain, overlooking Denver and the Great Plains, where his wife claimed he always wanted to be buried. Louisa Maud Frederici Cody (1843-1921) would be buried next to her husband less than a year after the museum opened.

The Bakers built the "Pahaska Teppe," named after Cody's hunting lodge of the same name outside of Yellowstone Park, to house the artifacts and memorabilia from the life of Buffalo Bill. After Johnny Baker's death in 1931, his wife Olive continued to operate Pahaska Tepee until her own death in 1956, at which point the collection became the property of the City and County of Denver. In 1979, the museum was moved to a new building just north of the Pahaska Tepee, which now serves as a large souvenir shop and cafe offering buffalo.

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody (February 26, 1846 - January 10, 1917) born in in Iowa, and after dropping out of school in 1860, rode on for the short-lived Pony Express Company, carrying mail from San Francisco, California to St. Joseph, Missouri, and back. During the Civil War, he joined a Jayhawk group, fighting the Confederacy via guerilla style raids in the South, and later served as a Union scout. After the war, he started a hotel in Kansas, but soon sold it to start a freight company, which went out of business when the Indians captured his wagons and horses. After doing some railroad construction work, he became a buffalo hunter, supplying buffalo meat to the railroad gangs building the Transcontinental Railroad. It is said that he killed 4,000 buffalo in just 18 months, earning him his nickname.

From 1868 to 1872, he served as a civilian scout for the United States Army, during the Indian Campaigns. He was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in 1872 for gallantry in action in a battle with Indians on the Platte River, which was later revoked in 1917 because he was not an official member of the military. In late 1883, he formed up a "Wild West" Circus to tour the United States and Europe. The show included mock Indian battles and demonstrations of shooting skill, and became one of the widest known and successful entertainment endeavors in the late 19th and early 20 Centuries.

National Register # 75002189 (1975)

Colorado - Golden: Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave

Image by wallyg
Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave, at 987 1/2 Lookout Mountain Road, was opened in 1921 by Johnny Baker, the foster son of William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody, after his father died in kidney failure in 1917 and was subsequently buried atop Lookout Mountain, overlooking Denver and the Great Plains, where his wife claimed he always wanted to be buried. Louisa Maud Frederici Cody (1843-1921) would be buried next to her husband less than a year after the museum opened.

The Bakers built the "Pahaska Teppe," named after Cody's hunting lodge of the same name outside of Yellowstone Park, to house the artifacts and memorabilia from the life of Buffalo Bill. After Johnny Baker's death in 1931, his wife Olive continued to operate Pahaska Tepee until her own death in 1956, at which point the collection became the property of the City and County of Denver. In 1979, the museum was moved to a new building just north of the Pahaska Tepee, which now serves as a large souvenir shop and cafe offering buffalo.

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody (February 26, 1846 - January 10, 1917) born in in Iowa, and after dropping out of school in 1860, rode on for the short-lived Pony Express Company, carrying mail from San Francisco, California to St. Joseph, Missouri, and back. During the Civil War, he joined a Jayhawk group, fighting the Confederacy via guerilla style raids in the South, and later served as a Union scout. After the war, he started a hotel in Kansas, but soon sold it to start a freight company, which went out of business when the Indians captured his wagons and horses. After doing some railroad construction work, he became a buffalo hunter, supplying buffalo meat to the railroad gangs building the Transcontinental Railroad. It is said that he killed 4,000 buffalo in just 18 months, earning him his nickname.

From 1868 to 1872, he served as a civilian scout for the United States Army, during the Indian Campaigns. He was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in 1872 for gallantry in action in a battle with Indians on the Platte River, which was later revoked in 1917 because he was not an official member of the military. In late 1883, he formed up a "Wild West" Circus to tour the United States and Europe. The show included mock Indian battles and demonstrations of shooting skill, and became one of the widest known and successful entertainment endeavors in the late 19th and early 20 Centuries.

National Register # 75002189 (1975)

Colorado - Golden: Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave

Image by wallyg
Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave, at 987 1/2 Lookout Mountain Road, was opened in 1921 by Johnny Baker, the foster son of William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody, after his father died in kidney failure in 1917 and was subsequently buried atop Lookout Mountain, overlooking Denver and the Great Plains, where his wife claimed he always wanted to be buried. Louisa Maud Frederici Cody (1843-1921) would be buried next to her husband less than a year after the museum opened.

The Bakers built the "Pahaska Teppe," named after Cody's hunting lodge of the same name outside of Yellowstone Park, to house the artifacts and memorabilia from the life of Buffalo Bill. After Johnny Baker's death in 1931, his wife Olive continued to operate Pahaska Tepee until her own death in 1956, at which point the collection became the property of the City and County of Denver. In 1979, the museum was moved to a new building just north of the Pahaska Tepee, which now serves as a large souvenir shop and cafe offering buffalo.

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody (February 26, 1846 - January 10, 1917) born in in Iowa, and after dropping out of school in 1860, rode on for the short-lived Pony Express Company, carrying mail from San Francisco, California to St. Joseph, Missouri, and back. During the Civil War, he joined a Jayhawk group, fighting the Confederacy via guerilla style raids in the South, and later served as a Union scout. After the war, he started a hotel in Kansas, but soon sold it to start a freight company, which went out of business when the Indians captured his wagons and horses. After doing some railroad construction work, he became a buffalo hunter, supplying buffalo meat to the railroad gangs building the Transcontinental Railroad. It is said that he killed 4,000 buffalo in just 18 months, earning him his nickname.

From 1868 to 1872, he served as a civilian scout for the United States Army, during the Indian Campaigns. He was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in 1872 for gallantry in action in a battle with Indians on the Platte River, which was later revoked in 1917 because he was not an official member of the military. In late 1883, he formed up a "Wild West" Circus to tour the United States and Europe. The show included mock Indian battles and demonstrations of shooting skill, and became one of the widest known and successful entertainment endeavors in the late 19th and early 20 Centuries.

National Register # 75002189 (1975)

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NYC - Civic Center: Woolworth Building

Image by wallyg
The Woolworth Building was built in 1911-1913 for the Woolworth retail chain company. Frank W. Woolworth bought the long-coveted tract of land on Broadway opposite City Hall Park in 1909 and hired Cass Gilbert as architect; Gilbert urged his client to make the new headquarters the tallest building in the world. Woolworth, in turn, influenced by his travels to Europe, wanted his architect to design it in neo-Gothic style. After several redesigns, one higher than the other, finally to exceed the rivalling Metropolitan Life Tower, the foundations were laid in August 1911 and, at the rate of one and a half storeys a week, the 60-storey building was completed two years later.

Rising from a 27-storey base, with limestone and granite lower floors, the tower is clad in white terra-cotta and capped with an elaborate set-back Gothic top, with the spire rising to the height of 241.5 m. It was to be the tallest building in the world for 17 years, until the 40 Wall Street exceeded its height.

The building boasts a highly decorated, three-storey marble lobby in the plan form of a latin cross, with semicircular arches, bronze ornaments and sculpted corbels on the walls (one of which represents Mr. Woolworth himself counting his dimes) and the vaulted ceiling decorated with glass mosaic in Byzantine style. No wonder the building was dubbed the "Cathedral of Commerce."

The building was opened in April 1913 with a gala for 800 persons, and the building's lights were switched on by President Wilson from the White House in Washington, D.C.

In 1980 the building exterior was restored to its original splendour, an assignment that cost more than the original construction work.

The Woolworth chain eventually went out of business and its successor, the Venator Group, sold the building to the Witkoff Group for 5 million in June 1998.

The NY University's School of Continuing and Professional Studies will expand to the first three office floors of the building (8,700 m

Pittsburgh - North Shore: Roberto Clemente Bridge

Image by wallyg
The Roberto Clemente Bridge, also known as the Sixth Street Bridge, spans 884 feet across the Allegheny River, connecting the North Shore and the Central Business District in downtown Pittsburgh. Originally opened on October 19, 1928, it was renamed after Pittsburgh Pirates slugger, Roberto Clemente on August 6, 1998. The bridge was built from 1925 to 1928 by architect Stanley L. Roush and engineers Vernon R. Covell, H. E. Dodge, Alfred D. Nutter and T. J. Wilkerson of the Allegheny County Department of Public Works.

Along with the Rachel Carson Bridge and the Andy Warhol Bridge, it is one of the "Three Sisters Bridges," three parallel self-anchored suspension bridges crossing the Allegheney. They were the first self-anchored bridges built in the United States. The Municipal Art Commission had mandated the bridges all be suspension, but the site conditions didn't allow for typical anchorages. The unusual self-anchored design features heavy anchorages to hold the cable ends and rigid towers to hold the ends apart. The deck girders were originally painted green with the remaining superstructure aluminum grey, but today, like most downtown Pittsburgh river bridges, it is painted yellow.

The Sixth Street Bridge was designated a landmark by the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmark in 1988.

National Register #86000017 (1986)

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Smith Brothers Mansion

Image by joseph a
This large house was home to Poughkeepsie's Smith family, which ran a national cough drop business and made the city "famous."

NYC - Sak's 5th Avenue Holiday Light Show

Image by wallyg
Saks Fifth Avenue’s famous Holiday snowflake light show consists of 72,000 lights with fifty 8-foot and 20-foot illuminated snowflakes, reaching 10 stories high and an LED-light show, set to music. The show got a green overhaul in 2006 with 40,400 newly upgraded LEDs from Philips using 2600W of energy--the equivalent of three toaster ovens.

Saks Fifth Avenue is the successor of a business founded in 1867 and incorporated in New York in 1902 as Saks & Company. In 1923 Saks & Co. merged with Gimbels Brothers, Inc., operating as a separate autonomous subsidiary. Both Bernard Gimbel and Horace Saks had been operating independent stores in Herald Square. In 1924, they purchased their "dream store" on upper Fifth Avenue in what was at the time a mostly residential district.

When Adam Gimbel became President of Saks Fifth Avenue in 1926, the company took on national aspirations. The very first branch store opened in 1926 in the city of Palm Beach, Florida as a resort store, followed by a Southampton resort store in 1928. The first full-line year-round Saks store was opened in Chicago in 1929, followed by another resort store in Miami Beach, Florida. In 1938 Saks expanded to the West Coast, opening in Beverly Hills. By the end of the 1930s Saks Fifth Avenue had a total of 10 stores, including resort locations such as Sun Valley, Mount Stowe and Newport. More full-line stores followed with Detroit in 1940, Pittsburgh in 1949. The company moved to its own freestanding location approximately one block from its former home in the Gimbel's flagship. The San Francisco location opened in 1952. More expansion followed in the 1960s.

BATUS Inc. acquired Gimbels Bros., Inc. and its Saks Fifth Avenue subsidary in 1973. In 1990, BATUS sold Saks to Investcorp S.A., which after investing the in the company and weathering the early 1990's recession took Saks public in 1996 as Saks Holdings, Inc. In 1998, Saks Holdings Inc. was acquired by Proffitt's, Inc.. Upon closing of the acquisition, Proffitt's changed its name to Saks Incorporated. The New York flagship store accounts for 25% of the entire chain's annual revenue.

Poster: Don't Register, Don't Pay

Image by infomatique
SEE VIDEO ........
Around 4,000 people who are opposed to the €100 Household Charge gathered for a protest demonstration near the Convention Centre in central Dublin where Fine Gael was holding its Ard Fheis. The Household Charge - came into force in Ireland on January 1st 2012. Most owners of residential property in Ireland are liable for the household charge on each residential property they owned as at 1st January 2012. Home owners who live outside Ireland are also expected to register for and and pay the charge. The 2012 Household Charge amount is €100

Under the legislation- owners of residential properties are required to make a declaration of liability and to pay the household charge by 31 March 2012

No bills or invoices for the household charge will be sent out – the charge will be on a self declaration basis.

The definition of a residential property includes – houses, maisonettes, flats, apartments and , bedsits. So – the owner of a building split into 5 bedsits will be liable for five lots of Household Charge.

A residential building is liable if it is occupied, or suitable for occupation.

It has been estimated there are about 1.71 million properties that are liable for the Household Charge but it would appear that only 36% of households have registered by close of business on the 30th.

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Tampa Bay Hotel (1891) – lobby sculpture

Image by origamidon
Many life-sized sculptures from France graced the hotel corridors. These pieces are made of cast iron and finished with a bronze patina.

Henry B. Plant Museum, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida USA • The Tampa Bay Hotel was built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant at a cost of over 2.5 million dollars. It was considered the premier hotel of the eight that Mr. Plant built to anchor his rail line. The hotel itself covers 6 acres (24,000 square meters) and is a quarter-mile long. It was equipped with the first elevator ever installed in Florida. The elevator is still in use today, making it one of the oldest continually operational elevators in the nation. The 511 rooms, some of which were actually suites consisting of between three-to-seven rooms, were the first in Florida to have electric lights and telephones. Most rooms also included private bathrooms, complete with a full-size tub. The price for a room ranged from .00 to .00 a night at a time when the average hotel in Tampa charged .25 to .00. The building’s poured concrete steel reinforced structure was advertised as fireproof.

The grounds of the hotel spanned 150 acres (0.61 km2) and included a golf course, bowling alley, racetrack, casino and an indoor heated swimming pool. In all, 21 buildings could be found on the hotel's campus. The Moorish Revival architectural theme was selected by Mr. Plant because of its exotic appeal to the widely traveled Victorians that would be his primary customers. The hotel has six minarets, four cupolas and three domes. In the early 90's, all were restored to their original stainless steel state. – From the Wikipedia summary.

☞ Headquarters of the army that invaded Cuba in the Spanish-American War (1898), and the news center for journalists participating in the "Correspondents' War." The hotel was a pioneer effort in the Florida resort business, and is an excellent example of Moorish-Turkish Revival architecture. – From the National Park Service's Statement of Significance.

☞ On December 5, 1972, the National Park Service added this structure (Also known as University of Tampa, Plant Hall) to the National Register of Historic Places (#72000322).

☞ On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service designated this structure a National Historic Landmark (also, #72000322).

National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. [And only 17 in Vermont.] Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.

National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans--these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – From the National Park Service.

• More Info: [1] The Museum's website; and [2] the GeoHack: 27°56′43.7″N 82°27′50.45″W.

Pittsburgh - North Shore: Andy Warhol Bridge

Image by wallyg
The Andy Warhol Bridge, also known as the Seventh Street Bridge, spans 884 feet across the Allegheny River, connecting the North Shore and the Central Business District in downtown Pittsburgh. Originally opened on June 17, 1926, it was renamed after Pittsburgh native and pop artist, Andy Warhol, on March 18, 2005 as part of the tenth anniversary celebration for the nearby Andy Warhol Museum. The bridge was built from 1925 to 1928 by architect Stanley L. Roush and engineers Vernon R. Covell, H. E. Dodge, Alfred D. Nutter and T. J. Wilkerson of the Allegheny County Department of Public Works.

Along with the Rachel Carson Bridge and the Roberto Clemente Bridge, it is one of the "Three Sisters Bridges," three parallel self-anchored suspension bridges crossing the Allegheney. They were the first self-anchored bridges built in the United States. The Municipal Art Commission had mandated the bridges all be suspension, but the site conditions didn't allow for typical anchorages. The unusual self-anchored design features heavy anchorages to hold the cable ends and rigid towers to hold the ends apart. The deck girders were originally painted green with the remaining superstructure aluminum grey, but today, like most downtown Pittsburgh river bridges, it is painted yellow.

The Seventh Street Bridge was designated a landmark by the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmark in 1988.

National Register #86000018 (1986)

Tampa Bay Hotel (1891) – lobby sculpture

Image by origamidon
Many life-sized sculptures from France graced the hotel corridors. These pieces are made of cast iron and finished with a bronze patina.

Henry B. Plant Museum, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida USA • The Tampa Bay Hotel was built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant at a cost of over 2.5 million dollars. It was considered the premier hotel of the eight that Mr. Plant built to anchor his rail line. The hotel itself covers 6 acres (24,000 square meters) and is a quarter-mile long. It was equipped with the first elevator ever installed in Florida. The elevator is still in use today, making it one of the oldest continually operational elevators in the nation. The 511 rooms, some of which were actually suites consisting of between three-to-seven rooms, were the first in Florida to have electric lights and telephones. Most rooms also included private bathrooms, complete with a full-size tub. The price for a room ranged from .00 to .00 a night at a time when the average hotel in Tampa charged .25 to .00. The building’s poured concrete steel reinforced structure was advertised as fireproof.

The grounds of the hotel spanned 150 acres (0.61 km2) and included a golf course, bowling alley, racetrack, casino and an indoor heated swimming pool. In all, 21 buildings could be found on the hotel's campus. The Moorish Revival architectural theme was selected by Mr. Plant because of its exotic appeal to the widely traveled Victorians that would be his primary customers. The hotel has six minarets, four cupolas and three domes. In the early 90's, all were restored to their original stainless steel state. – From the Wikipedia summary.

☞ Headquarters of the army that invaded Cuba in the Spanish-American War (1898), and the news center for journalists participating in the "Correspondents' War." The hotel was a pioneer effort in the Florida resort business, and is an excellent example of Moorish-Turkish Revival architecture. – From the National Park Service's Statement of Significance.

☞ On December 5, 1972, the National Park Service added this structure (Also known as University of Tampa, Plant Hall) to the National Register of Historic Places (#72000322).

☞ On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service designated this structure a National Historic Landmark (also, #72000322).

National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. [And only 17 in Vermont.] Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.

National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans--these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – From the National Park Service.

• More Info: [1] The Museum's website; and [2] the GeoHack: 27°56′43.7″N 82°27′50.45″W.

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NJ - Lambertville: Lambertville House Hotel

Image by wallyg
The Lambertville House, located at 32 Bridge Street, was built in 1812 by Captain John Lambert. During its early years, the hotel was known as Lambert’s Inn and served as a stagecoach stop that provided lodging to U.S. presidents including Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant, dignitaries, and business leaders traveling the main thoroughfare between New York and Philadelphia.

By the 1980's, the Lambertville House Hotel fell into a state of disrepair. It was sold in 1994 and reopened in 1997, restored to its original glory with 26 modernized guest rooms.

New Jersey State Register (1978)
National Register #78001768 (1978)

NJ - Lambertville: Lambertville House Hotel

Image by wallyg
The Lambertville House, located at 32 Bridge Street, was built in 1812 by Captain John Lambert. During its early years, the hotel was known as Lambert’s Inn and served as a stagecoach stop that provided lodging to U.S. presidents including Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant, dignitaries, and business leaders traveling the main thoroughfare between New York and Philadelphia.

By the 1980's, the Lambertville House Hotel fell into a state of disrepair. It was sold in 1994 and reopened in 1997, restored to its original glory with 26 modernized guest rooms.

New Jersey State Register (1978)
National Register #78001768 (1978)

NJ - Lambertville: Lambertville House Hotel

Image by wallyg
The Lambertville House, located at 32 Bridge Street, was built in 1812 by Captain John Lambert. During its early years, the hotel was known as Lambert’s Inn and served as a stagecoach stop that provided lodging to U.S. presidents including Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant, dignitaries, and business leaders traveling the main thoroughfare between New York and Philadelphia.

By the 1980's, the Lambertville House Hotel fell into a state of disrepair. It was sold in 1994 and reopened in 1997, restored to its original glory with 26 modernized guest rooms.

New Jersey State Register (1978)
National Register #78001768 (1978)

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Tampa Bay Hotel (1891) – interior banister detail

Image by origamidon
Henry B. Plant Museum, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida USA • The Tampa Bay Hotel was built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant at a cost of over 2.5 million dollars. It was considered the premier hotel of the eight that Mr. Plant built to anchor his rail line. The hotel itself covers 6 acres (24,000 square meters) and is a quarter-mile long. It was equipped with the first elevator ever installed in Florida. The elevator is still in use today, making it one of the oldest continually operational elevators in the nation. The 511 rooms, some of which were actually suites consisting of between three-to-seven rooms, were the first in Florida to have electric lights and telephones. Most rooms also included private bathrooms, complete with a full-size tub. The price for a room ranged from .00 to .00 a night at a time when the average hotel in Tampa charged .25 to .00. The building’s poured concrete steel reinforced structure was advertised as fireproof.

The grounds of the hotel spanned 150 acres (0.61 km2) and included a golf course, bowling alley, racetrack, casino and an indoor heated swimming pool. In all, 21 buildings could be found on the hotel's campus. The Moorish Revival architectural theme was selected by Mr. Plant because of its exotic appeal to the widely traveled Victorians that would be his primary customers. The hotel has six minarets, four cupolas and three domes. In the early 90's, all were restored to their original stainless steel state. – From the Wikipedia summary.

☞ Headquarters of the army that invaded Cuba in the Spanish-American War (1898), and the news center for journalists participating in the "Correspondents' War." The hotel was a pioneer effort in the Florida resort business, and is an excellent example of Moorish-Turkish Revival architecture. – From the National Park Service's Statement of Significance.

☞ On December 5, 1972, the National Park Service added this structure (Also known as University of Tampa, Plant Hall) to the National Register of Historic Places (#72000322).

☞ On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service designated this structure a National Historic Landmark (also, #72000322).

National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. [And only 17 in Vermont.] Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.

National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans--these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – From the National Park Service.

• More Info: [1] The Museum's website; and [2] the GeoHack: 27°56′43.7″N 82°27′50.45″W.

Tampa Bay Hotel (1891) – interior hallway detail

Image by origamidon
Henry B. Plant Museum, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida USA • The Tampa Bay Hotel was built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant at a cost of over 2.5 million dollars. It was considered the premier hotel of the eight that Mr. Plant built to anchor his rail line. The hotel itself covers 6 acres (24,000 square meters) and is a quarter-mile long. It was equipped with the first elevator ever installed in Florida. The elevator is still in use today, making it one of the oldest continually operational elevators in the nation. The 511 rooms, some of which were actually suites consisting of between three-to-seven rooms, were the first in Florida to have electric lights and telephones. Most rooms also included private bathrooms, complete with a full-size tub. The price for a room ranged from .00 to .00 a night at a time when the average hotel in Tampa charged .25 to .00. The building’s poured concrete steel reinforced structure was advertised as fireproof.

The grounds of the hotel spanned 150 acres (0.61 km2) and included a golf course, bowling alley, racetrack, casino and an indoor heated swimming pool. In all, 21 buildings could be found on the hotel's campus. The Moorish Revival architectural theme was selected by Mr. Plant because of its exotic appeal to the widely traveled Victorians that would be his primary customers. The hotel has six minarets, four cupolas and three domes. In the early 90's, all were restored to their original stainless steel state. – From the Wikipedia summary.

☞ Headquarters of the army that invaded Cuba in the Spanish-American War (1898), and the news center for journalists participating in the "Correspondents' War." The hotel was a pioneer effort in the Florida resort business, and is an excellent example of Moorish-Turkish Revival architecture. – From the National Park Service's Statement of Significance.

☞ On December 5, 1972, the National Park Service added this structure (Also known as University of Tampa, Plant Hall) to the National Register of Historic Places (#72000322).

☞ On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service designated this structure a National Historic Landmark (also, #72000322).

National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. [And only 17 in Vermont.] Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.

National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans--these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – From the National Park Service.

• More Info: [1] The Museum's website; and [2] the GeoHack: 27°56′43.7″N 82°27′50.45″W.

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Denver Gas and Electric Company - Denver Parade of Lights 2009

Image by Brian Papantonio
Taken during the Denver Parade of Lights 2009.

==

DENVER GAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY
910 15th St., (Central Business District)

Brightest survivor of "City of Lights" era, with 13,000 lightbulbs that continue to illuminate the exterior at night. Designed in 1910 by Harry W. J. Edbrooke; restored in 1990 as Insurance Exchange Building.

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National Farmers' Bank (1908)

Image by chicagogeek
NRHP #71000441
101 N. Cedar Avenue
Owatonna, Minnesota
Architect: Louis Sullivan

Banker Carl Bennett wanted more than a prominent new building to house his family's business. He wanted a work of art. Bennett's search for an architect led him in 1906 to Chicago architect Louis Sullivan, one of the country's most inventive designers. Together their brilliant collaboration of patron and architect produced what many consider the finest small-town bank in America, the first of Sullivan's "jewel boxes". The building is bathed in a symphony of color, as Sullivan described it. Green and brown terra cotta panels and blue and gold glass mosaic bands contrast with the reddish brick walls and the red sandstone base that anchors the bank to its site, giving depositors a sense of security. Two arched stained glass windows designed by Louis J. Millet are mirrored on the interior by murals of dairy and harvest scenes by Oskar Gross. The lavish organic decorative elements, including four 18-foot-tall cast iron electroliers and teller window grilles, were designed by chief draftsman George Grant Elmslie and cast by Winslow Brothers Company (owned by William Winslow, for whom Frank Lloyd Wright designed an iconic house). Today this National Historic Landmark is a Wells Fargo Bank.

Washington DC - West Potomac Park: Thomas Jefferson Memorial - Inscriptions

Image by wallyg
"God who gave us life gave us liberty. Can the liberties of a nation be secure when we have removed a conviction that these liberties are the gift of God? Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just, that his justice cannot sleep forever. Commerce between master and slave is despotism. Nothing is more certainly written in the book of fate than that these people are to be free. Establish a law for educating the common people. This it is the business of the state and on a general plan."

Original Passages:
"But let them [members of the parliament of Great Britain] not think to exclude us from going to other markets to dispose of those commodities which they cannot use, or to supply those wants which they cannot supply. Still less let it be proposed that our properties within our own territories shall be taxed or regulated by any power on earth but our own. The God who gave us life gave us liberty at the same time; the hand of force may destroy, but cannot disjoin them."
-- "A Summary View of the Rights of British America"

"For in a warm climate, no man will labour for himself who can make another labour for him. This is so true, that of the proprietors of slaves a very small proportion indeed are ever seen to labor. And can the liberties of a nation be thought secure when we have removed their only firm basis, a conviction in the minds of the people that these liberties are the gift of God? That they are not to be violated but with his wrath? Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just: that his justice cannot sleep for ever . . . ."
-- Notes on the State of Virginia

"The whole commerce between master and slave is a perpetual exercise of the most boisterous passions, the most unremitting despotism on the one part, and degrading submissions on the other. Our children see this, and learn to imitate it. . . ."
-- Notes on the State of Virginia

"Nothing is more certainly written in the book of fate than that these people are to be free. Nor is it less certain that the two races, equally free, cannot live in the same government. Nature, habit, opinion has drawn indelible lines of distinction between them."
-- The Autobiography

"Preach, my dear sir, a crusade against ignorance; establish & improve the law for educating the common people."
-- to George Wythe, August 13, 1780?

"It is an axiom in my mind that our liberty can never be safe but in the hands of the people themselves, and that too of the people with a certain degree of instruction. This it is the business of the state to effect, and on a general plan."
-- to George Washington, January 4, 1786

The Thomas Jefferson Memorial, situated in West Potomac Park on the shore of the Tidal Basin of the Potomac River, is dedicated to Thomas Jefferson, an American Founding Father and the third president of the United States. Officially dedicated on April 13, 1943--the 200th anniversary of Jefferson's birthday, the Jefferson Memorial is one of the last American public monuments in the Beaux-Arts tradition.

The neoclassical building was designed by John Russell Pope, but the cornerstone wasn't laid until November 15, 1939--2 years after his death. Daniel P. Higgins and Otto R. Eggers took over construction, and with Philadelphia contractor John McShain, completed the memorial four years later. Composed of circular marble steps, a portico, a circular colonnade of Ionic order columns, and a shallow dome, the building is open to the elements. Pope's design reflects characteristics of the Roman Pantheon, as well as Jefferson's own design for Monticello and the Rotunda at the University of West Virginia. The memorial was constructed with Danby Imperial marble (Vermont) for the exterior walls and columns, Tennessee pink marble for the interior floor, Georgian white marble for the interior wall panels, and Missouri gray marble for the pedestal. Indiana limestone was used in construction of the ceiling. The cost of construction was slightly more than million.

The 19-foot, 10,000-pound heroic bronze statue of Jefferson, resting on a 6-foot pedestal of black Minnesota granite, by sculptor Rudulph Evans was added to the center of the memorial room in 1947. Evans was chosen from more than 100 who participated in a nationwide competition conducted by the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Commission. Adolph A. Weinman's sculpture of the five members of the Declaration of Independence drafting committee submitting their report to Congress is featured on the triangular pediment.

The interior walls are engraved in bronze with passages from Jefferson's writings. Most prominent are the words, taken from from a September 23, 1800, letter to Dr. Benjamin Rush, which are inscribed in a frieze below the dome: "I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man." On the panel of the southwest interior wall are excerpts from the Declaration of Independence. On the panel of the northwest interior wall is an excerpt from "A Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom, 1777", except for the the last sentence, which is taken from a letter of August 28, 1789 to James Madison. The quotes from the panel of the northeast interior wall are from multiple sources including "A Summary View of the Rights of British America," Notes on the State of Virginia, Jefferson's autobiography, an August 13, 1790 letter to George Wythe, and a letter of January 4, 1786 to George Washington. The inscription on the panel of the southeast interior wall is redacted and excerpted from a letter July 12, 1816, to Samuel Kercheval.

In 2007, The Jefferson Memorial was ranked #4 on the AIA 150 America's Favorite Architecture list.

National Register #66000029 (1966)

O'ahu - Honolulu - Nu'uanu Valley: Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii - Kalākaua crypt - Queen Lili'uokalani

Image by wallyg
The Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii, also known as Mauna 'Ala (Fragrant Hills), located at 2261 Nu'uana Avenue, is the final resting place of Hawaii's two prominent royal families: the Kamehameha Dynasty and the Kalākaua Dynasty. The 2.7-acre site was designed by architect Theodore Heuck and initially planned by King Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma following the death of their son in 1862. After it was completed in 1865, the remains of seven monarchs were transferred from the first Royal Mausoleum at 'Iolani Palace. Today, Mauna Ala is recognized by Congress as sacred land and not part of public domain.

The grounds of the mausoleum are surrounded by a black fence, bearing the royal seal of the Kingdom of Hawaii at the gate. The former mausoleum building, now a small gothic chapel sits in the center, immediately behind the tomb of Kalākaua Crypt, and to the right of the Kamehameha tomb, Bishop Monument, and Wyllie tomb.

The Kalākaua Crypt was built between 1907 and 1910, and is still unsealed for additional descendents (although it appears to be out of space). On June 24, 1910, Queen Lili'uokalani oversaw the moving of Queen Kapi'olani's family, to the 'Ewa side of the wall, and King Kalākaua's family, to the Waikiki side of the wall, from the old mausoleum building.

Among those entombed in the Kalākaua crypt are: King Kalākaua, Queen Kapi'olani, Queen Lili'uokalani, Prince Consort John Owen Dominis, High Chief Caesar Kaluaiku Kapa'akea, High Chiefess Analea Keohokālole, Princess Miriam Likelike, Archibald Scott Cleghorn, Princess Victoria Kai'ulani, Prince William Pitt Leleiohoku II, Prince Moses Kapa'akea, Prince James Kaliokalani, Prince Kinini Kapa'akea, Princess Anna Ka'iulani, Princess Kaimina'auao, Princess Virginia Poʻomaikelani, Princess Victoria Kūhiō Kekaulike, Prince David Kawānanakoa, Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa, Prince Edward Abner Keli'iahonui, and Prince Kūhiō Kalaniana'ole.

Queen Lili'uokalani (September 2, 1838 - November 11, 1917), born Lydia Kamaka'eha Kaola Mali'i Liliʻuokalani, and also known as Lydia Kamaka'eha Pākī or Kaolupoloni K. Dominis, was the last monarch and only queen regnant of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. Her husband, John Owen Dominis, would became Governor of O'ahu and Maui.

When Lunalilo, the elected successor to Kamehameha V to the Hawaiian thrown died and left no heir, Lili'u's sided with brother, David Kalākaua, in an election against Queen Emma. When David's younger brother died in 1876, he chose Lili'u as heir apparent and Crown Princess. She inherited the throne on January 29, 1891.

One of her first acts was to abrogate teh existing 1887 Bayonet Constitution that Kalākaua was forced to sign, under the threat of death. American and European business interests, threatened by the act, organized a coup d'état with ultimate goal of annexation. The Queen was deposed in 1893 and she temporarily relinquished her throne to a provisional government. On July 4, 1894 the Republic of Hawai'i was proclaimed. The Queen was later arrested for her perceived role in the failed 1895 Counter-Revolution and sentecned to five years in prison, which was later commuted to house arrest.

National Register #72000422 (1972)

Protest March In Dublin - Don't Register, Don't Pay

Some cool register business images:

Protest March In Dublin - Don't Register, Don't Pay

Image by infomatique
Around 4,000 people who are opposed to the €100 Household Charge gathered for a protest demonstration near the Convention Centre in central Dublin where Fine Gael was holding its Ard Fheis. The Household Charge - came into force in Ireland on January 1st 2012. Most owners of residential property in Ireland are liable for the household charge on each residential property they owned as at 1st January 2012. Home owners who live outside Ireland are also expected to register for and and pay the charge. The 2012 Household Charge amount is €100

Under the legislation- owners of residential properties are required to make a declaration of liability and to pay the household charge by 31 March 2012

No bills or invoices for the household charge will be sent out – the charge will be on a self declaration basis.

The definition of a residential property includes – houses, maisonettes, flats, apartments and , bedsits. So – the owner of a building split into 5 bedsits will be liable for five lots of Household Charge.

A residential building is liable if it is occupied, or suitable for occupation.

It has been estimated there are about 1.71 million properties that are liable for the Household Charge but it would appear that only 36% of households have registered by close of business on the 30th.

Protest March In Dublin - Don't Register, Don't Pay

Image by infomatique
Around 4,000 people who are opposed to the €100 Household Charge gathered for a protest demonstration near the Convention Centre in central Dublin where Fine Gael was holding its Ard Fheis. The Household Charge - came into force in Ireland on January 1st 2012. Most owners of residential property in Ireland are liable for the household charge on each residential property they owned as at 1st January 2012. Home owners who live outside Ireland are also expected to register for and and pay the charge. The 2012 Household Charge amount is €100

Under the legislation- owners of residential properties are required to make a declaration of liability and to pay the household charge by 31 March 2012

No bills or invoices for the household charge will be sent out – the charge will be on a self declaration basis.

The definition of a residential property includes – houses, maisonettes, flats, apartments and , bedsits. So – the owner of a building split into 5 bedsits will be liable for five lots of Household Charge.

A residential building is liable if it is occupied, or suitable for occupation.

It has been estimated there are about 1.71 million properties that are liable for the Household Charge but it would appear that only 36% of households have registered by close of business on the 30th.

Protest March In Dublin - Don't Register, Don't Pay

Image by infomatique
Around 4,000 people who are opposed to the €100 Household Charge gathered for a protest demonstration near the Convention Centre in central Dublin where Fine Gael was holding its Ard Fheis. The Household Charge - came into force in Ireland on January 1st 2012. Most owners of residential property in Ireland are liable for the household charge on each residential property they owned as at 1st January 2012. Home owners who live outside Ireland are also expected to register for and and pay the charge. The 2012 Household Charge amount is €100

Under the legislation- owners of residential properties are required to make a declaration of liability and to pay the household charge by 31 March 2012

No bills or invoices for the household charge will be sent out – the charge will be on a self declaration basis.

The definition of a residential property includes – houses, maisonettes, flats, apartments and , bedsits. So – the owner of a building split into 5 bedsits will be liable for five lots of Household Charge.

A residential building is liable if it is occupied, or suitable for occupation.

It has been estimated there are about 1.71 million properties that are liable for the Household Charge but it would appear that only 36% of households have registered by close of business on the 30th.